Toxicity evaluation of water extract of tissue-cultured Taraxacum formosanum by acute, subacute administration, and Ames test
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Keywords

Acute toxicity
Ames test
Antiproliferative
Dandelion
Food-safety
Herbal medicine
Subacute toxicity
Taraxacum formosanum
Therapeutic benefits
Tissue culture plants

How to Cite

1.
Tsai W-C, Chang H-C, Tseng Y-H, Yin H-Y, Liao J-W, Agrawal DC, Wen H-W. Toxicity evaluation of water extract of tissue-cultured Taraxacum formosanum by acute, subacute administration, and Ames test. Electron. J. Biotechnol. [Internet]. 2020 Aug. 17 [cited 2024 Oct. 13];45. Available from: https://www.ejbiotechnology.info/index.php/ejbiotechnology/article/view/2020.04.001

Abstract

Background: Taraxacum species (commonly known as dandelion) used as herbal medicine have been reported to exhibit an antiproliferative effect on hepatoma cells and antitumor activity in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Although several investigations have demonstrated the safety of Taraxacum officinale, the safety of tissue-cultured plants of T. formosanum has not been assessed so far. Therefore, the present study examines the safety of the water extract of the entire plant of tissue cultured T. formosanum based on acute and subacute toxicity tests in rats, as well as the Ames tests.

Results: No death or toxicity symptoms were observed in the acute and subacute tests. The results of the acute test revealed that the LD50 (50% of lethal dose) value of the T. formosanum water extract for rats exceeded 5 g/kg bw. No abnormal changes in the body weight, weekly food consumption, organ weight, or hematological, biochemical, and morphological parameters were observed in the subacute toxicity test. Thus, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of T. formosanum water extract was estimated to be higher than 2.0 g/kg. Finally, the results of the Ames test revealed that T. formosanum water extract was not genotoxic at any tested concentration to any of five Salmonella strains.

Conclusions: The water extract of tissue-cultured T. formosanum was non-toxic to rats in acute and subacute tests and exhibited no genotoxicity to five Salmonella strains.

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